This object has the following keywords:

• African - Refers to the cultures of the continent of Africa, which is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Mediterranean Sea.
• carvings - Refers to works executed by cutting a figure or design out of a solid material such as stone or wood. It typically refers to works that are relatively small in size, are part of a larger work, or are not considered art. For large and medium-sized three-dimensional works of art, use the broader term "sculpture" or another appropriate term.
• ceremonial masks - Refers to masks created for or used in ceremonies or rituals.
• helmet masks - Masks that enclose the head entirely or in part, especially those worn during African ceremonies and masquerades.
• horns - The non-deciduous excrescences, often curved and pointed, consisting of an epidermal sheath growing about a bony core on the head of certain mammals such as cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes, or formed from matted hair on the rhinoceros. Horns serve as displays and as weapons of offence or defense.
• initiations - Ceremonies formally admitting someone into a community, organization, or other group, or investing them with a particular role or status.
• masques - Short allegorical dramatic entertainments performed by masked performers, popular in the 16th and 17th centuries.
• metal - Any of a large group of substances that typically show a characteristic luster, are good conductors of electricity and heat, are opaque, can be fused, and are usually malleable or ductile.
• ritual objects - Objects used for a particular ritual activity, often as part of a ceremony.
• secret societies - Any of various societies, the members of which are sworn to keep the rules, activities, and purposes secret from nonmembers.
• West African - Styles and cultures from the region comprising the westernmost area of the African continent, defined by the United Nations as including the modern nations of Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Cape Verde, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo.
• women - Refers to female human beings from young adulthood through old age.
• wood - The principal tissue of trees and other plants that provides both strength and a means of conducting nutrients. Wood is one of the most versatile materials known.

• Owner Name: Muhammed Sillah
  Role: Seller
  Place: Liberia
  Dates: September, 1985
  
  
  
• Owner Name: Jane Martin, Class of 1953
  Role: Donor
  Place: Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania
  Dates: September 1985, April 25, 2014
  
  

The following Bibliography exist for this object:

• "African Heritage Document and Research Center." (Accessed June 11, 2020): AHDRC.eu. Record No.: 0177783.

The following Related Bibliography exist for this object:

• Lester P. Monts, "Dance in the Vai Sande Society." African Arts 17, no. 4 (August 1984): 53-59, 94-95.
• Frederick Lamp, "Cosmos, Cosmetics, and the Spirit of Bondo." African Arts 18, no. 3 (May 1985): 28-43, 98-99.

This object is a member of the following portfolios: