This object has the following keywords:

• African - Refers to the cultures of the continent of Africa, which is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Mediterranean Sea.
• Chamba
• iron - Pure metallic element having symbol Fe and atomic number 26; metallic iron is silvery in color, lustrous, soft, ductile, malleable, and slightly magnetic; it rusts when exposed to moist air. It is rarely found as a native metal (telluric iron) except in meteorites (meteoric iron). Iron is most often found throughout the world as iron oxides (hematite, magnetite, limonite, and siderite) mixed with other ores.
• Nigerian
• ritual objects - Objects used for a particular ritual activity, often as part of a ceremony.
• stone - General term for rock that has been cut, shaped, crushed, or otherwise formed for use in construction or other purposes. Includes the specific archaeological and anthropological sense of individual stones which may be decorated or ornamented and which may be used in ritual contexts. These are usually not carved or dressed, and so differ from sculptures made from stone.
• West African - Styles and cultures from the region comprising the westernmost area of the African continent, defined by the United Nations as including the modern nations of Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Cape Verde, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo.

• Owner Name: Mace Neufeld and Helen Katz Neufeld, Class of 1953
  Role: Donor
  Place: Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, US
  Ownership End Date: 12/20/1996
  
  
  

The following Bibliography exist for this object:

• Important Tribal Art Sotheby's . New York, NY, 1989
  Figure Number: 124
• "African Heritage Document and Research Center." (Accessed June 11, 2020): AHDRC.eu. Record No.: 0090012.

The following Comparanda exist for this object:

• Jean- Baptiste Bacquart, The Tribal Arts of Africa (New York, NY: Thames & Hudson, 1998), 99. Figure Number: C, E
• "African Heritage Document and Research Center." (Accessed June 11, 2020): AHDRC.eu. Record No.: 0090019.
  
• "CHRISTA´S Fine Tribal and Modern Art Gallery." (Accessed May 4, 2020): https://christas.dk/current-exhibition/. https://christas.dk/chamba-figure-3/, Figure Number: HCK 1113-3b.
  
• "African Heritage Document and Research Center." (Accessed June 11, 2020): AHDRC.eu. Record No.: 0099392.
  
• "African Heritage Document and Research Center." (Accessed June 11, 2020): AHDRC.eu. Record No.: 0099401.
  

The following Related Bibliography exist for this object:

• Jean- Baptiste Bacquart, The Tribal Arts of Africa (New York, NY: Thames & Hudson, 1998), 96.
• "Fowler Museum at UCLA Online Collections." (Accessed April 7, 2020): https://www.fowler.ucla.edu/collections/home/. https://www.fowler.ucla.edu/exhibitions/benue/middle-benue/.
• Monica Blackmun Visona and Robin Poynor. A History of Art in Africa (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc., 2001), 88-90.

This object is a member of the following portfolios: